Malaria

Malaria or malaria is a parasitic disease that is transmitted from human to human by the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. In humans, the parasites (called sporozoites) migrate to the liver where they mature and become merozoítos, which enter the bloodstream and infect red blood cells.

The parasites multiply within cells that, after 48 to 72 hours, breaks and infect more red blood cells. The first symptoms are usually from 10 days to 4 weeks after infection, but sometimes can occur in a span of 8 days to 1 year later. Then the symptoms occur in cycles of 48 to 72 hours.

Most symptoms are caused by the massive release of merozoítos in the bloodstream, the anemia caused by destruction of red blood cells and problems due to large amounts of free hemoglobin that invade the bloodstream after the rupture of blood cells red.

The transmission of malaria may also be a congenital (from mother to fetus) and blood transfusions. Malaria is transmitted through the mosquito in temperate zones, but the parasite disappears when winter comes.

This disease is a greater health problem in most tropical and subtropical countries. The CDC (Center for Disease Control in the U.S.) estimates that each year are from 300 to 500 million cases of malaria and over one million are fatal. Is the disease of greatest risk for people who move to warmer climates.

In some regions of the world, the mosquito that transmits malaria has developed resistance to insecticides substances, while the parasite has developed resistance to antibiotics. This has led to difficulty in controlling the rate of infection and the spread of the disease.

Of the four species of parasites exist, Falciparum malaria caused by destroying a greater proportion of red blood cells in comparison with other species and is considered a much more serious disease. It can be fatal to the early hours of onset of first symptoms.
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